Sanctions-Busting Vessel Tracking
Situation. A designated regional actor is suspected of moving sanctioned cargo via a network of re-flagged and shell-owned vessels. Conventional AIS monitoring is insufficient because the vessels routinely disable their transponders.
Challenge. The actor's network is designed to evade AIS-based tracking. A vessel may transmit AIS for a portion of its journey, then go dark for the segment that matters. Port calls may be split across multiple jurisdictions. Cargo is transferred at sea.
Approach. The platform ingested AIS, SAR satellite imagery, OSINT-GEOINT (port calls reported by harbor authorities), and corporate registry data on vessel ownership. For each vessel-of-interest, the platform maintained a continuous track by fusing AIS transmissions with SAR-detected vessel positions in dark periods, optical imagery when SAR was unavailable, and OSINT-GEOINT from port authorities. The platform's route-reconstruction engine built end-to-end tracks across dark and lit periods. Cross-INT fusion with FININT mapped each vessel to its beneficial-ownership shell and tied the network to designated entities.
Outcome. A 23-vessel network was reconstructed end-to-end across 9 jurisdictions. Of these, 14 were demonstrated to have engaged in sanctions-relevant voyages (sanctioned cargo, sanctioned ports, or beneficial-ownership links to a designated actor). 9 of the 14 had AIS-dark periods correlated with the sanctions-relevant segments. The dossier was used to support designations in 4 jurisdictions and to brief a regional intelligence-sharing partner.
Lessons. The vessels' evasion was technically sophisticated but operationally simple: turn off AIS, change flags, run cargo at night. The hard part was the persistent multi-source tracking and the cross-INT fusion that tied the network to designated actors. The platform's value was not in any single sensor — it was in the integration.
23 vessels
9
14
4 jurisdictions